As any parent can tell you, a kid who hasn’t gotten enough sleep is a kid who will soon be stirring up trouble. Children appear to have boundless energy — until they don’t. Problems arise when even the most tired of children seem determined not to go to bed. This pattern is a recipe for stress for everyone involved. But there’s more to it than just fatigue.
Everything a child does is novel. Thus, their brains need a good quantity and quality of rest and sleep to sustain their mental health. Sleep time is when their bodies balance hormones, and their brains do the essential work of storing memories and processing emotions. Let’s take a closer look.
The Critical Link Between Rest and Children’s Mental Health
As touched on above, cognitive development is a major component of their conversation. When a child gets enough sleep and rest, it enhances processes like:
- Learning and language
- Memory
- Abilities like paying attention, staying alert, and maintaining focus
- Mood regulation and emotional control
- Problem-solving
- Building resiliency
- Stress management
Let’s break this list into a few broad categories:
- Children getting insufficient sleep and rest are more prone to mood swings, negative emotions, and anxiety disorders. Conversely, healthy sleep habits have been found to foster more happiness in a child.
- For children, emotions can be overwhelming. Everything feels extreme, and managing this avalanche of feelings requires sleep for certain processes to occur.
- Your body has a natural solution to elevated stress levels. It releases more of a hormone called cortisol — particularly during sleep. A well-rested child is thus better equipped to handle life’s inevitable challenges.
Is There a “Right” Amount of Sleep For Kids?
While every child is unique, The American Academy of Pediatrics does general guidelines (including naps):
- 4 to12 months: 12-16 hours of sleep per day
- 1 to 2 years: 11-14 hours
- 3 to 5 years: 10-13 hours
- 6 to12 years: 9-12 hours
- 13 to 18 years: 8-10 hours
What Happens When a Child Has Healthy Sleep Habits?
Generally speaking:
- Children under 13 months of age develop better cognitive problem-solving skills when they sleep well for the suggested duration. Meanwhile, during the first two years of a child’s life, insufficient sleep and rest have been found to decrease development in learning and language skills.
- For children between 5 and 11 years of age, poor quality of sleep can be linked to the incidence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), insomnia, nightmares, anxiety, separation anxiety, daytime sleepiness, and an unwillingness to attend school.
- By the time your child becomes an adolescent or teen, low quality and duration of sleep can increase the risk of depression and suicidal ideation.
Some Suggestions to Enhance Your Child’s Sleep Quality and Duration
Increase Daytime Activity
Physically active people of all ages typically have a higher quality of sleep. Encourage your kid to engage in exercise, walks, sports, games, and more. Whenever possible, join them in these activities.
Be a Sleep-Friendly Family
Lead by example. When your child sees you keeping steady sleep habits, they are more likely to accept such practices as normal. Also, make your sleep environments as ideal as possible. This means temperature, noise, light levels, and more. For younger kids, designate a play area that is away from their beds to separate the mindsets.
Pay Close Attention to Everyone’s Screen Time
Devices can wreak havoc on sleep quality. Set firm rules and be sure to adhere to them yourself.
What if This Becomes a Tug of War?
You are not alone. If you find yourself struggling with controlling your children’s sleep issues, I invite you to reach out for a free and confidential consultation. Let’s talk about what’s going on and what you can do.